rust-cloud-native

name	rust-cloud-native
description	Use when building cloud-native apps, microservices, or Kubernetes-deployed Rust services. Covers Docker, container builds, Dockerfile, multi-stage build, health endpoint, readiness and liveness probes, prometheus metrics, distributed tracing with OpenTelemetry and jaeger, graceful shutdown, 12-factor config, gRPC with tonic, and container optimization.

Cloud-Native Development

Domain Constraints

Domain Rule	Design Constraint	Rust Implication
12-Factor	Config from env	Environment-based config
Observability	Metrics + traces	tracing + opentelemetry
Health checks	Liveness/readiness	Dedicated endpoints
Graceful shutdown	Clean termination	Signal handling
Horizontal scale	Stateless design	No local state
Container-friendly	Small binaries	Release optimization

Critical Rules

• No local persistent state — pods can be killed/rescheduled anytime. Use external state (Redis, DB).
• Handle SIGTERM, drain connections — zero-downtime deployments require graceful shutdown.
• Every request must be traceable — distributed systems need tracing spans + opentelemetry export.

Key Crates

Purpose	Crate
gRPC	tonic
Kubernetes	kube, kube-runtime
Docker	bollard
Tracing	tracing, opentelemetry
Metrics	prometheus, metrics
Config	config, figment

Graceful Shutdown Pattern

use tokio::signal;

async fn run_server() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
    let app = Router::new()
        .route("/health", get(health))
        .route("/ready", get(ready));

    let addr = SocketAddr::from(([0, 0, 0, 0], 8080));

    axum::Server::bind(&addr)
        .serve(app.into_make_service())
        .with_graceful_shutdown(shutdown_signal())
        .await?;

    Ok(())
}

async fn shutdown_signal() {
    signal::ctrl_c().await.expect("failed to listen for ctrl+c");
    tracing::info!("shutdown signal received");
}

Health Check Pattern

async fn health() -> StatusCode {
    StatusCode::OK
}

async fn ready(State(db): State<Arc<DbPool>>) -> StatusCode {
    match db.ping().await {
        Ok(_) => StatusCode::OK,
        Err(_) => StatusCode::SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE,
    }
}

Common Mistakes

Mistake	Domain Violation	Fix
Local file state	Not stateless	External storage
No SIGTERM handling	Hard kills	Graceful shutdown
No tracing	Can't debug	tracing spans
Static config	Not 12-factor	Env vars