| name | endo-hirsutism-pregnancy-test-amenorrhea |
| description | Performs a urine or serum pregnancy test in premenopausal women presenting with amenorrhea and hirsutism to exclude pregnancy before initiating androgen evaluation or teratogenic therapies. Trigger phrases include "amenorrhea", "hirsutism", "rule out pregnancy", and "sexually active". |
Perform pregnancy test in women with amenorrhea and hirsutism
STEP 1 — Gather Information
Document menstrual history (duration of amenorrhea), assess hirsutism clinically (or via Ferriman–Gallwey score), determine sexual activity and contraceptive use, note associated hyperandrogenic symptoms (acne, alopecia, voice changes), and order a urine or serum hCG pregnancy test.
STEP 2 — Rule In / Rule Out
Is the pregnancy test positive?
- Yes → rule in pregnancy.
- No → rule out pregnancy.
If positive, proceed to pregnancy management; if negative, continue to hyperandrogenemia evaluation.
STEP 3 — Classify or Stratify
For a negative pregnancy test, classify by menstrual pattern:
- Amenorrhea or infrequent menses → screen for 21‑hydroxylase deficiency (nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia) by measuring early‑morning 17‑hydroxyprogesterone.
- Ovulatory menses → proceed to androgen testing (serum total and free testosterone).
Order early‑morning 17‑hydroxyprogesterone if amenorrhea/infrequent menses; otherwise order serum total and free testosterone.
STEP 4 — Decide
- Pregnancy confirmed: provide prenatal care, avoid teratogenic antiandrogens, counsel on continuation/discontinuation of hirsutism therapy.
- 17‑hydroxyprogesterone elevated (≥170–200 ng/dL): refer for NCCAH workup (ACTH stimulation, genetic testing).
- Androgens elevated: evaluate for PCOS or other hyperandrogenic disorder (TSH, prolactin, ovarian ultrasound).
- Normal androgen and 17‑OHP: consider idiopathic hirsutism and discuss treatment options (combined OC, antiandrogen after 6 months if needed, or direct hair removal).
Initiate appropriate management per classification.
Clinical Guardrails / Mimics / Pitfalls
Do not start antiandrogen therapy without confirming non‑pregnancy due to teratogenic risk; do not rely on clinical suspicion alone to exclude pregnancy; avoid using the pregnancy test as the sole diagnostic for hirsutism etiology; ensure effective contraception if sexually active and not desiring pregnancy; be aware of false‑negative hCG very early in pregnancy (<7 days after missed period) and repeat if suspicion remains high.
Concrete Clinical Example
A 30‑year‑old woman reports 3 months of amenorrhea and mild facial hirsutism, sexually active with inconsistent condom use. Pregnancy test is negative. She had regular menses prior to amenorrhea. Serum total and free testosterone are within normal limits; 17‑hydroxyprogesterone not checked because she reports ovulatory cycles previously. She is diagnosed with idiopathic hirsutism and starts a combined oral contraceptive after counseling.
Source: Evaluation and Treatment of Hirsutism in Premenopausal Women: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline, Endocrine Society, 2018, doi:10.1210/jc.2018-00241
