Persistent task queue system. Users add tasks at any time via natural language; tasks are stored in a single persistent queue file and executed asynchronously via subagents. A heartbeat/cron dispatcher wakes periodically to check pending tasks, spawn workers, and report completions. The system never "finishes" — it always remains ready for the next task.
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Persistent task queue system. Users add tasks at any time via natural language; tasks are stored in a single persistent queue file and executed asynchronously via subagents. A heartbeat/cron dispatcher wakes periodically to check pending tasks, spawn workers, and report completions. The system never "finishes" — it always remains ready for the next task.
Task Runner Skill
A persistent, daemon-style task queue. Users add tasks at any time. A dispatcher runs on every
heartbeat to check the queue and execute pending work via subagents. Tasks accumulate, complete,
and are archived — the queue itself never closes.
Two Operating Modes
This skill has two distinct modes with different triggers and behaviors:
Mode
Trigger
Purpose
INTAKE
User message containing task intent
Parse message → add tasks to queue → confirm → immediately run DISPATCHER
Queue file path:${TASK_RUNNER_DIR}/task-queue.json
(single persistent file, NOT dated — accumulates all tasks over time)
A3 — Outputs
Output
Path / Channel
Description
Queue file
${TASK_RUNNER_DIR}/task-queue.json
Single persistent queue; all tasks
Per-task completion message
Chat notification
Sent immediately when a task finishes (done or blocked)
Deliverable files
Task-specific paths
Files produced by tasks (when applicable)
INTAKE confirmation
Chat
Sent after adding tasks to queue
Mode 1: INTAKE — Step-by-Step
Goal: Convert user message into structured task objects, append to queue, confirm.
Step 0 — First Run Setup (auto-configure on first use)
Run this check before anything else, every INTAKE invocation:
CHECK whether ${TASK_RUNNER_DIR}/task-queue.json exists
IF file does NOT exist:
→ This is the first run. Auto-configure everything silently before proceeding.
[1] Create directory:
exec: mkdir -p ${TASK_RUNNER_DIR}
[2] Initialize queue file:
WRITE ${TASK_RUNNER_DIR}/task-queue.json with default structure:
{ "lastId": null, "tasks": [], "archivedCount": 0 }
[3] Register heartbeat entry:
READ HEARTBEAT.md (create it if missing)
IF "Task Runner Dispatcher" is NOT already in the file:
APPEND the following block (with a blank line before it):
## Task Runner Dispatcher
Every heartbeat: check ${TASK_RUNNER_DIR}/task-queue.json
- If pending or running tasks exist → run DISPATCHER mode (task-runner skill)
- If nothing pending → HEARTBEAT_OK (skip)
WRITE the updated HEARTBEAT.md
[4] Register backup cron job:
CALL cron tool with:
action: "add"
job:
name: "Task Runner Dispatcher"
schedule: { kind: "every", everyMs: 900000 }
payload: { kind: "systemEvent", text: "TASK_RUNNER_DISPATCH: check queue and run pending tasks" }
sessionTarget: "main"
enabled: true
[5] Notify user:
"⚙️ Task Runner initialized.
Heartbeat dispatcher registered in HEARTBEAT.md.
Backup cron job registered (runs every 15 minutes).
Your tasks will execute automatically."
→ THEN continue with normal INTAKE steps below.
IF file already exists:
→ Skip Step 0 entirely. Proceed directly to Step 1.
Idempotency rule: Step 0 only fires on true first run (queue file absent).
It will never double-register the heartbeat entry or create duplicate cron jobs.
Step 1 — Load queue
READ ${TASK_RUNNER_DIR}/task-queue.json
IF file does not exist:
Initialize with default structure (see references/queue-schema.md)
Set lastId = null
Step 2 — Parse tasks from message
Split user message into individual tasks using these cues:
Then immediately run DISPATCHER mode (Steps 1–5 below) in the same turn.
Do not exit and wait for the next heartbeat. Tasks must start executing immediately.
The heartbeat/cron dispatcher is a backup for retries and completion checks — not the primary execution path.
Step 7 — Handle control commands
Command
Action
skip T-NN
Set status = "skipped"; save; confirm
retry T-NN
Reset status = "pending", retries = 0; save; confirm
cancel T-NN
Set status = "skipped", blocked_reason = "cancelled by user"; save; confirm
mark T-NN done
Set status = "done", completed_at = now; save; confirm
show tasks / task status
Read queue; render status table (see A5 templates)
READ ${TASK_RUNNER_DIR}/task-queue.json
IF file does not exist OR tasks array is empty:
→ HEARTBEAT_OK (silent, nothing to do)
→ EXIT
Step 2 — Check for work
pending_tasks = tasks where status = "pending"
running_tasks = tasks where status = "running"
IF pending_tasks is empty AND running_tasks is empty:
→ HEARTBEAT_OK (silent)
→ EXIT
Step 3 — Check running tasks for completion
For each task with status = "running":
IF subagent_session is set:
CHECK subagent session status
IF session is DONE:
READ deliverable from session output
RUN verification (see references/verification-guide.md)
IF verification passes:
SET status = "done"
SET deliverable, deliverable_path, completed_at
NOTIFY user: ✅ T-NN done — [summary]
ELSE (verification failed):
TREAT as failure (see retry logic below)
IF session is FAILED or ERROR:
IF retries < maxRetries:
INCREMENT retries
ADD to strategies_tried
SET status = "pending" ← will be re-dispatched this cycle
ELSE:
SET status = "blocked"
SET blocked_reason, user_action_required, completed_at
NOTIFY user: 🚫 T-NN blocked — [reason + unblock steps]
IF session is STILL RUNNING:
Leave as-is (will check again next heartbeat)
Step 4 — Dispatch pending tasks
currently_running = count of tasks with status = "running"
slots_available = maxConcurrent - currently_running
FOR EACH pending task (in order of added_at), up to slots_available:
PICK execution strategy (see references/task-types.md)
SPAWN subagent with task description and strategy
SET status = "running"
SET subagent_session = spawned session ID
SET started_at = now
Subagent instructions template:
You are executing task [T-NN] for the task-runner skill.
Task: [description]
Goal: [goal]
Type: [task_type]
Strategy: [selected strategy from task-types.md]
Execute the task. When complete:
1. Report the result clearly
2. Note any deliverable file path if a file was created
3. If blocked, explain exactly why and what the user needs to do
Do not start any other tasks. Focus only on this one.
If any notifications were sent (done/blocked), this is an active heartbeat response.
If only silent dispatching occurred, this is still a heartbeat response (not HEARTBEAT_OK).
Only return HEARTBEAT_OK when there was truly nothing to do (no pending, no running tasks).
A5 — Output Format Templates
INTAKE confirmation (single task)
Added T-06: [description]. Queue now has N pending tasks.
INTAKE confirmation (multiple tasks)
📋 Added N tasks to queue:
• T-06: [description]
• T-07: [description]
Starting now...
Task status table (on demand)
📋 Task Queue — [N total, N pending, N running, N done, N blocked]
ID Status Description
T-01 ✅ done [description] → [deliverable summary]
T-02 🔄 running [description] (started [time ago])
T-03 ⏳ pending [description]
T-04 🚫 blocked [description] — [blocked_reason short]
T-05 ⏭️ skipped [description]
Task done notification
✅ T-NN done — [one-sentence summary of what was accomplished]
[deliverable: link or file path, if applicable]
Task blocked notification
🚫 T-NN blocked after [N] attempts
What was tried:
- [Strategy 1]: [result]
- [Strategy 2]: [result]
Why it's blocked:
[Clear plain-English explanation]
To unblock:
1. [Concrete step #1]
2. [Concrete step #2 if needed]
Reply "retry T-NN" once ready.
Task skipped
⏭️ T-NN skipped — as requested.
A6 — Heartbeat Integration
Heartbeat and cron setup is automatic. Step 0 of INTAKE mode handles this on first use —
no manual configuration required.
Role of heartbeat/cron (backup only)
Tasks are dispatched immediately after INTAKE — heartbeat and cron are backups only.
The backup dispatcher handles:
Retry dispatch: tasks that failed and were reset to pending
Completion checks: polling running subagent sessions for done/blocked status
Recovery: tasks that were pending when no user message triggered INTAKE
Users should never need to wait for a heartbeat for a freshly added task.
What gets configured automatically
HEARTBEAT.md entry (injected on first INTAKE):
## Task Runner Dispatcher
Every heartbeat: check ${TASK_RUNNER_DIR}/task-queue.json
- If pending or running tasks exist → run DISPATCHER mode (task-runner skill)
- If nothing pending → HEARTBEAT_OK (skip)
Backup cron job (registered on first INTAKE):
every 15 min → systemEvent: "TASK_RUNNER_DISPATCH: check queue and run pending tasks"
sessionTarget: main
Manual setup (if needed)
If for any reason auto-setup did not run (e.g., queue file was pre-created externally),
delete ${TASK_RUNNER_DIR}/task-queue.json and send any task — Step 0 will fire.
A7 — Success Criteria
INTAKE mode succeeds when:
All tasks from user message parsed and assigned IDs
Tasks appended to queue file (file saved to disk)
Confirmation sent to user with task IDs and count
DISPATCHER mode triggered immediately in the same turn
Subagents spawned for pending tasks before INTAKE turn ends
DISPATCHER mode succeeds when:
Queue file read without error
All running tasks checked for completion (done/blocked notifications sent as needed)
Pending tasks dispatched up to maxConcurrent slots
Queue file saved with updated states
User notified for every task that reached a terminal state this cycle
Ongoing system health:
Queue file is never corrupted (always valid JSON)
Tasks older than archiveDays days with terminal status are archived/removed
lastId always increments (no ID reuse)
maxRetries respected before any task is marked blocked
Edge Cases
Situation
Behavior
Queue file missing (first run)
Run Step 0 auto-setup: create dir, init queue, register heartbeat + cron; notify user
Queue file missing (manually deleted)
Step 0 re-fires: re-initializes queue; does NOT re-register heartbeat/cron (idempotent check)
Queue file corrupt/invalid JSON
Log error, notify user, do not overwrite; ask user to inspect
Task description is ambiguous
Assign unknown type; dispatcher will attempt classification + fallback
maxConcurrent already reached
Dispatcher skips dispatching; checks again next heartbeat
User adds task while dispatcher is running
Race-safe: dispatcher reads, processes, writes atomically per cycle
Task depends on another task's output
Set blocked_reason = "depends on T-NN-1 which is pending/blocked"
User says "retry T-NN"
Reset to pending, retries = 0, strategies_tried = []
All tasks blocked
Notify user: "All tasks are blocked. Review unblock instructions above."
20+ tasks added at once
Dispatcher dispatches in batches of maxConcurrent; all tasks eventually run
Subagent session ID lost
Mark task as pending again; will re-dispatch next cycle
Archive: done tasks > archiveDays old
Move to ${TASK_RUNNER_DIR}/archive/YYYY-MM.json; remove from main queue
A8 — File Organization
${TASK_RUNNER_DIR}/
task-queue.json ← single persistent queue (all active tasks)
archive/
2026-01.json ← archived tasks (done/blocked, older than archiveDays)
2026-02.json
Queue file schema is documented in references/queue-schema.md.
References
references/queue-schema.md — Queue JSON format (complete field reference)
references/task-types.md — Task type catalog and strategy selection
references/verification-guide.md — Verification logic per task type
tests/test-triggers.json — Trigger test cases (positive and negative)