| name | nop-git-master |
| description | Nop项目Git专家 - 智能提交、Rebase、历史搜索(基于项目风格固化) |
我会做什么
基于Nop项目实际提交历史调研的全功能Git专家:
- 智能提交:自动拆分commits,符合项目风格
- Rebase管理:历史清理、squash、conflict解决
- 历史搜索:查找代码变更、作者、引入时间
- 提交验证:构建测试、代码检查
什么时候用我
更新 / 同步 / pull - 同步远程最新代码
提交修改 / commit - 智能提交(自动拆分)
rebase / squash / 清理历史 - 历史管理
查找 / 谁写的 / 什么时候引入 - 历史搜索
MODE DETECTION
| 用户请求 | 模式 |
|---|
| "更新"、"同步"、"pull"、"最新" | SYNC |
| "提交"、"commit"、"改动" | COMMIT |
| "rebase"、"squash"、"清理历史" | REBASE |
| "查找"、"谁"、"什么时候"、"blame" | HISTORY_SEARCH |
SYNC MODE
核心原则:先用无缓存方式检查,再决定是否更新
❌ 错误做法:直接 pull/fetch
git pull --ff-only origin master
✅ 正确做法:先用 git ls-remote 无缓存检查
git ls-remote origin master | awk '{print $1}'
标准流程(强制)
REMOTE_SHA=$(git ls-remote origin master | awk '{print $1}')
LOCAL_SHA=$(git rev-parse HEAD)
if [ "$REMOTE_SHA" = "$LOCAL_SHA" ]; then
echo "✅ Already up to date: $LOCAL_SHA"
else
echo "⚠️ Update needed: $LOCAL_SHA → $REMOTE_SHA"
git fetch origin $REMOTE_SHA --force
git checkout master
git reset --hard $REMOTE_SHA
git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/master $REMOTE_SHA
git log --oneline -3
fi
一命令版本(推荐)
REMOTE_SHA=$(git ls-remote origin master | awk '{print $1}') && \
LOCAL_SHA=$(git rev-parse HEAD) && \
if [ "$REMOTE_SHA" = "$LOCAL_SHA" ]; then \
echo "✅ Already up to date: $(git log --oneline -1)"; \
else \
echo "⚠️ Updating: $LOCAL_SHA → $REMOTE_SHA" && \
git fetch origin $REMOTE_SHA --force && \
git checkout master && \
git reset --hard $REMOTE_SHA && \
git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/master $REMOTE_SHA && \
git log --oneline -3; \
fi
为什么必须用 git ls-remote?
| 命令 | 是否使用缓存 | 可靠性 |
|---|
git fetch | ✅ 是(refs 可能过期) | ❌ 不可靠 |
git pull | ✅ 是(依赖 fetch) | ❌ 不可靠 |
git ls-remote | ❌ 否(直接查询远程) | ✅ 可靠 |
问题场景:
- Gitee/GitHub/GitLab 等 Git 服务器可能有 CDN 缓存
- 本地 refs 可能未正确更新
git fetch 可能只更新 FETCH_HEAD,不更新 refs/remotes
git ls-remote 优势:
- 直接查询远程仓库的 refs(HTTP API 或 SSH)
- 不依赖任何本地缓存
- 返回真实的远程 SHA
特殊情况:有未提交修改
如果工作目录有未提交修改,需要先处理:
git stash
git stash pop
git add -A && git commit -m "WIP"
git reset --hard HEAD
git clean -fd
COMMIT MODE
固定的提交风格(基于项目调研)
语言: English(commit messages, CHANGELOG, commit plan 必须使用英文)
格式: 语义化提交 type(scope): description
类型分布:
feat (40%) - 新功能
docs (15%) - 文档
refactor (15%) - 重构
test (10%) - 测试
fix (10%) - Bug修复
chore (8%) - 构建/工具
perf (2%) - 性能
作用域规则:
- 小写模块名:
sys, cluster, orm, gateway, graphql, config, ai
- 多作用域逗号分隔(无空格):
feat(sys,cluster):
- 可选:单文件或全局改动可省略scope
正文格式:
type(scope): short description (max 50 chars)
- Specific change 1 (verb + object)
- Specific change 2
- Specific change 3 (typically 3-6 items)
[Optional] Co-authored-by: Name <email>
智能提交拆分规则
拆分原则(简化版)
核心原则:按逻辑分组,一个commit只做一件事
1. 不同模块 → 不同commit(最高优先级)
- nop-sys的变更不和nop-cluster混在一起
- nop-orm的变更不和nop-gateway混在一起
2. 同一模块内按功能分组
- 数据库schema变更单独commit
- API接口变更单独commit
- 配置变更单独commit
- 文档变更单独commit
3. 测试和实现在同一commit
拆分维度(优先级从高到低)
1. 按模块拆分(Primary)
Nop项目模块结构:
nop-sys/ # 系统模块
├─ api/ # API接口定义
├─ dao/ # 数据访问层
├─ service/ # 业务逻辑层
├─ web/ # Web控制器
├─ meta/ # 元数据定义
└─ codegen/ # 代码生成
nop-cluster/ # 集群模块
nop-orm/ # ORM模块
nop-gateway/ # 网关模块
...
规则:不同模块 → 不同commit
示例:8个文件修改
- nop-sys/api/IService.java
- nop-sys/dao/ServiceDao.java
- nop-cluster/api/INaming.java
- nop-cluster/service/NamingService.java
- docs/guide.md
- README.md
❌ 错误:1个commit "更新系统"
❌ 错误:2个commit(太少)
✅ Correct: 4 commits
1. feat(sys): enhance service interfaces
- nop-sys/api/IService.java
- nop-sys/dao/ServiceDao.java
2. feat(cluster): enhance naming service
- nop-cluster/api/INaming.java
- nop-cluster/service/NamingService.java
3. docs: update development guide
- docs/guide.md
4. docs: update README
- README.md
2. 按层级拆分(Secondary)
同一模块内,按层级拆分:
优先级:api → dao → service → web → meta
示例:nop-auth模块有5个文件
1. feat(auth): add authentication API interfaces
- api/AuthApi.java
2. feat(auth): implement authentication data access
- dao/AuthDao.java
3. feat(auth): implement authentication business logic
- service/AuthService.java
4. feat(auth): add authentication web endpoints
- web/AuthController.java
3. 按关注点拆分(Tertiary)
- 实现代码 vs 测试代码(通常同一commit)
- 功能代码 vs 配置文件(不同commit)
- 源代码 vs 文档(不同commit)
必须合并的情况
测试+实现必须在同一commit:
✅ 正确:
feat(orm): add CRUD business interfaces
- Add ICrudBizModel interface definition
- Implement CrudBizModel base functionality
- Add unit test coverage
包含:
- orm/src/main/java/CrudBizModel.java
- orm/src/test/java/TestCrudBizModel.java
拆分验证(简化版)
执行commits前输出计划即可:
COMMIT PLAN
===========
Files changed: 8 | Planned commits: 4
COMMIT 1: feat(sys): enhance service registration
- nop-sys/api/IServiceInstance.java
- nop-sys/dao/ServiceInstanceDao.java
Justification: same feature
COMMIT 2: feat(cluster): enhance cluster discovery
- nop-cluster/service/DiscoveryService.java
Justification: different module
COMMIT 3: docs: update documentation
- docs/cluster-setup.md
Justification: docs in separate commit
提交流程(零冗余)
git status && git diff --staged --stat && git diff --stat
for each commit:
git add <files>
git commit -m "type(scope): description" -m "- change 1" -m "- change 2"
git status
Commit消息增强规则
正文详细程度要求
单行commit(仅限1-2个文件):
fix(typo): fix spelling mistake
标准commit(3-5个文件,必须3+项):
feat(sys): enhance service registration
- Add groupName and clusterName configuration items
- AutoRegistration supports auto-registering to specified groups
- SysDaoNamingService implements group-based service instance filtering
- Add clusterName matching logic to service discovery
大型commit(5+文件或重要变更,必须5+项):
feat(sys,cluster): upgrade version field type and enhance cluster features
- Upgrade all nop-sys table VERSION fields from INTEGER to BIGINT for wider range
- Add clusterName matching logic to ZoneServiceInstanceFilter
- Add clusterName attribute support to service registration config
- Change nop_sys_service_instance table tags_text field to nullable
- Convert ORM codegen config from xlsx to xml format
- Update related documentation
必须详细说明的场景
1. 破坏性变更(BREAKING CHANGE)
feat(api): refactor user authentication interface
**BREAKING CHANGE:** authentication interface signature changed
- Old: AuthResult authenticate(String token)
- New: AuthResult authenticate(AuthRequest req)
- Migration guide: wrap token into AuthRequest object
- Refactor authenticate method signature
- Add AuthRequest request object
- Support multiple authentication methods
- Add migration example code
2. 数据库变更
feat(orm): modify user table schema
**Database changes:**
- New field: user_phone VARCHAR(20)
- Modified field: user_name VARCHAR(50) → VARCHAR(100)
- Index optimization: add idx_user_phone index
- Migration script: V2024.03.04__user_table_update.sql
- Add phone property to User entity
- Increase name field length
- Add phone index definition
3. 配置变更
feat(config): refactor database configuration items
**Config changes:**
- Deprecated: nop.db.url (use nop.datasource.url instead)
- New: nop.datasource.* series configuration
- Compatibility: old config still works but will warn
- Add DataSourceProperties configuration class
- Support multi-datasource configuration
- Add config migration hints
CHANGELOG.md更新规则
自动检测条件
必须更新CHANGELOG.md的情况:
-
用户可见的新功能
- 新增API接口
- 新增配置项
- 新增命令行参数
- 新增UI功能
-
破坏性变更
- API签名变更
- 配置项重命名/删除
- 数据库表结构变更
- 依赖版本升级(major)
-
重要的Bug修复
CHANGELOG.md格式
基于项目现有的CHANGELOG.md格式:
# Changelog
## Features YYYY-MM-DD
- Add XXX feature (commit: abc1234)
- Enhance YYY mechanism (commit: def5678)
## Changes YYYY-MM-DD
- **BREAKING CHANGE**: refactor ZZZ interface, migration required (commit: ghi9012)
- Refactor AAA module, improve performance (commit: jkl3456)
## Fixes YYYY-MM-DD
- Fix data loss issue in BBB scenario (commit: mno7890)
更新流程
git add <files>
git commit -m "feat(xxx): description"
git add CHANGELOG.md
git commit -m "docs: update CHANGELOG"
CHANGELOG条目模板
新功能:
## Features 2024-03-04
- Add nop.cluster.name config for physical datacenter isolation (commit: abc1234)
- Enhance service registration with groupName and clusterName support (commit: def5678)
破坏性变更:
## Changes 2024-03-04
- **BREAKING CHANGE**: refactor authentication interface, old token parameter no longer supported, use AuthRequest object (commit: ghi9012)
- Migration: change `authenticate(token)` to `authenticate(new AuthRequest(token))`
重要修复:
## Fixes 2024-03-04
- Fix data inconsistency in distributed transaction timeout scenarios (commit: jkl3456)
不兼容变更检测清单
在提交前检查以下项,如果命中任意一条,必须更新CHANGELOG.md并添加BREAKING CHANGE说明:
API层
配置层
数据层
依赖层
行为层
如果以上任意一项命中:
- ✅ 在commit message中添加
**BREAKING CHANGE:** 说明
- ✅ 更新CHANGELOG.md,添加迁移指南
- ✅ 如果可能,提供兼容层或迁移脚本
示例输出:
⚠️ Breaking change detected:
- API signature change: authenticate(String) → authenticate(AuthRequest)
✅ Actions taken:
1. Commit message includes BREAKING CHANGE note
2. CHANGELOG.md updated (with migration guide)
3. Migration example code provided
REBASE MODE
安全评估
git branch --show-current
git log --oneline -20
git merge-base HEAD main 2>/dev/null || git merge-base HEAD master
git rev-parse --abbrev-ref @{upstream} 2>/dev/null || echo "NO_UPSTREAM"
git status --porcelain
风险评估:
| 条件 | 风险 | 动作 |
|---|
| 在main/master上 | 🔴 CRITICAL | 禁止rebase |
| 工作目录脏 | 🟡 WARNING | 先stash |
| 已push的commits | 🟡 WARNING | 需要force-push |
| 全部commits本地 | 🟢 SAFE | 自由操作 |
Rebase策略
1. Interactive Squash(合并commits)
MERGE_BASE=$(git merge-base HEAD main 2>/dev/null || git merge-base HEAD master)
git reset --soft $MERGE_BASE
git commit -m "feat(module): merged description"
2. Autosquash(应用fixups)
MERGE_BASE=$(git merge-base HEAD main 2>/dev/null || git merge-base HEAD master)
GIT_SEQUENCE_EDITOR=: git rebase -i --autosquash $MERGE_BASE
3. Rebase Onto(更新分支)
git fetch origin
git rebase origin/main
冲突解决
CONFLICT → 工作流:
1. 识别冲突文件:
git status | grep "both modified"
2. 解决每个冲突:
- 阅读文件内容
- 理解两个版本(HEAD vs incoming)
- 编辑文件解决冲突
- 移除冲突标记(<<<<, ====, >>>>)
3. 暂存解决后的文件:
git add <resolved-file>
4. 继续rebase:
git rebase --continue
5. 如果卡住:
git rebase --abort # 安全回滚
Push策略
IF 从未push过:
-> git push -u origin <branch>
IF 已经push过:
-> git push --force-with-lease origin <branch>
-> ⚠️ 必须用 --force-with-lease(不是--force)
HISTORY SEARCH MODE
搜索类型识别
| 用户请求 | 搜索类型 | 工具 |
|---|
| "什么时候添加X" | PICKAXE | git log -S |
| "查找改变X模式的commits" | REGEX | git log -G |
| "谁写了这行" | BLAME | git blame |
| "bug什么时候开始" | BISECT | git bisect |
| "文件历史" | FILE_LOG | git log -- path |
搜索命令
1. Pickaxe Search(查找字符串添加/删除)
git log -S "searchString" --oneline
git log -S "searchString" -p
git log -S "searchString" -- path/to/file.java
git log -S "searchString" --all --oneline
git log -S "def calculate_discount" --oneline
git log -S "MAX_RETRY_COUNT" --all --oneline
2. Regex Search(正则匹配)
git log -G "pattern.*regex" --oneline
git log -G "def\s+my_function" --oneline -p
3. Git Blame(逐行归属)
git blame path/to/file.java
git blame -L 10,20 path/to/file.java
git blame -C path/to/file.java
4. Git Bisect(二分查找bug)
git bisect start
git bisect bad
git bisect good v1.0.0
git bisect good
git bisect bad
git bisect reset
5. 文件历史追踪
git log --oneline -- path/to/file.java
git log --follow --oneline -- path/to/file.java
git log -p -- path/to/file.java
结果展示
SEARCH QUERY: "when was calculate_discount function added"
SEARCH TYPE: PICKAXE
COMMAND: git log -S "calculate_discount" --oneline
RESULTS:
Commit Date Message
--------- -------- --------------------------------
abc1234 2024-06-15 feat(order): add discount calculation
def5678 2024-05-20 refactor: extract pricing logic
MOST RELEVANT: abc1234
DETAILS:
Author: John Doe <john@example.com>
Date: 2024-06-15
Files changed: 3
DIFF:
+ def calculate_discount(price, rate):
+ return price * (1 - rate)
ACTIONS:
- View full commit: git show abc1234
- Revert this commit: git revert abc1234
- Cherry-pick to other branch: git cherry-pick abc1234
提交后验证
自动验证流程
git status
git log --oneline -5
mvn clean install -DskipTests -T 1C
验证清单:
快速参考
Commit消息速查
feat(sys): add new feature
fix(cluster): fix bug
docs: update documentation
refactor(orm): refactor code
test(gateway): add tests
chore: build config
perf: performance optimization
同步速查
REMOTE_SHA=$(git ls-remote origin master | awk '{print $1}') && \
LOCAL_SHA=$(git rev-parse HEAD) && \
if [ "$REMOTE_SHA" = "$LOCAL_SHA" ]; then \
echo "✅ Already up to date: $(git log --oneline -1)"; \
else \
echo "⚠️ Updating: $LOCAL_SHA → $REMOTE_SHA" && \
git fetch origin $REMOTE_SHA --force && \
git checkout master && \
git reset --hard $REMOTE_SHA && \
git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/master $REMOTE_SHA && \
git log --oneline -3; \
fi
REMOTE_SHA=$(git ls-remote origin master | awk '{print $1}') && \
git fetch origin $REMOTE_SHA --force && \
git checkout master && \
git reset --hard $REMOTE_SHA && \
git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/master $REMOTE_SHA && \
git log --oneline -3
Rebase速查
git reset --soft $(git merge-base HEAD main) && git commit -m "..."
GIT_SEQUENCE_EDITOR=: git rebase -i --autosquash $(git merge-base HEAD main)
git fetch origin && git rebase origin/main
搜索速查
git log -S "string" --oneline
git log -G "pattern" --oneline
git blame -L 10,20 file.java
git log --follow -- path/file.java
反模式(AUTOMATIC FAILURE)
- 从不做单一大commit - 3+文件必须拆分
- 从不使用
--force - 必须用--force-with-lease
- 从不rebase main/master - 永远禁止
- 从不分离实现和单元测试 - 必须同一commit
- 从不跳过COMMIT PLAN输出 - 必须验证拆分计划
- 从不使用模糊的分组理由 - "相关"不是理由
- SYNC时从不直接 pull/fetch - 必须先用
git ls-remote 无缓存检查,再决定是否更新
- 从不信任本地 refs 缓存 -
git fetch 结果可能与远程真实状态不一致,必须用 git ls-remote 验证
- commit消息必须使用英文 - 标题、正文、CHANGELOG条目一律英文,禁止中文
最终检查清单
COMMIT前:
REBASE前:
SYNC前:
提交后: