postgres-patterns
用于查询优化、模式设计、索引和安全性的PostgreSQL数据库模式。基于Supabase最佳实践。
Quellinformationen
- Repository
- xu-xiang/everything-claude-code-zh
- Letzte Quellaktivität
- 5. März 2026 um 01:40
- Erkannte Sprache von SKILL.md
- Chinesisch
- Sterne
- 1.984
- Forks
- 326
Installationsoptionen
Standardmäßig ist der Prompt ausgewählt, der zuerst die Quelle prüft. Sie können zu einem direkten Befehl wechseln oder eine lokale Kopie herunterladen.
Quelldateien prüfen
Lesen Sie SKILL.md und alle von SkillsMP angezeigten Begleitdateien, bevor Sie sich für eine Installation entscheiden.
SKILL.md wird angezeigt
SKILL.md
Quellanweisungen · Schreibgeschützte Vorschau- name
- postgres-patterns
- description
- 用于查询优化、模式设计、索引和安全性的PostgreSQL数据库模式。基于Supabase最佳实践。
- origin
- ECC
# PostgreSQL 模式
PostgreSQL 最佳实践快速参考。如需详细指导，请使用 `database-reviewer` 智能体。
## 何时激活
* 编写 SQL 查询或迁移时
* 设计数据库模式时
* 排查慢查询时
* 实施行级安全性时
* 设置连接池时
## 快速参考
### 索引速查表
| 查询模式 | 索引类型 | 示例 |
|--------------|------------|---------|
| `WHERE col = value` | B-tree（默认） | `CREATE INDEX idx ON t (col)` |
| `WHERE col > value` | B-tree | `CREATE INDEX idx ON t (col)` |
| `WHERE a = x AND b > y` | 复合索引 | `CREATE INDEX idx ON t (a, b)` |
| `WHERE jsonb @> '{}'` | GIN | `CREATE INDEX idx ON t USING gin (col)` |
| `WHERE tsv @@ query` | GIN | `CREATE INDEX idx ON t USING gin (col)` |
| 时间序列范围查询 | BRIN | `CREATE INDEX idx ON t USING brin (col)` |
### 数据类型快速参考
| 使用场景 | 正确类型 | 避免使用 |
|----------|-------------|-------|
| ID | `bigint` | `int`，随机 UUID |
| 字符串 | `text` | `varchar(255)` |
| 时间戳 | `timestamptz` | `timestamp` |
| 货币 | `numeric(10,2)` | `float` |
| 标志位 | `boolean` | `varchar`，`int` |
### 常见模式
**复合索引顺序：**
```sql
-- Equality columns first, then range columns
CREATE INDEX idx ON orders (status, created_at);
-- Works for: WHERE status = 'pending' AND created_at > '2024-01-01'
```
**覆盖索引：**
```sql
CREATE INDEX idx ON users (email) INCLUDE (name, created_at);
-- Avoids table lookup for SELECT email, name, created_at
```
**部分索引：**
```sql
CREATE INDEX idx ON users (email) WHERE deleted_at IS NULL;
-- Smaller index, only includes active users
```
**RLS 策略（优化版）：**
```sql
CREATE POLICY policy ON orders
USING ((SELECT auth.uid()) = user_id); -- Wrap in SELECT!
```
**UPSERT：**
```sql
INSERT INTO settings (user_id, key, value)
VALUES (123, 'theme', 'dark')
ON CONFLICT (user_id, key)
DO UPDATE SET value = EXCLUDED.value;
```
**游标分页：**
```sql
SELECT * FROM products WHERE id > $last_id ORDER BY id LIMIT 20;
-- O(1) vs OFFSET which is O(n)
```
**队列处理：**
```sql
UPDATE jobs SET status = 'processing'
WHERE id = (
SELECT id FROM jobs WHERE status = 'pending'
ORDER BY created_at LIMIT 1
FOR UPDATE SKIP LOCKED
) RETURNING *;
```
### 反模式检测\*\*
```sql
-- Find unindexed foreign keys
SELECT conrelid::regclass, a.attname
FROM pg_constraint c
JOIN pg_attribute a ON a.attrelid = c.conrelid AND a.attnum = ANY(c.conkey)
WHERE c.contype = 'f'
AND NOT EXISTS (
SELECT 1 FROM pg_index i
WHERE i.indrelid = c.conrelid AND a.attnum = ANY(i.indkey)
);
-- Find slow queries
SELECT query, mean_exec_time, calls
FROM pg_stat_statements
WHERE mean_exec_time > 100
ORDER BY mean_exec_time DESC;
-- Check table bloat
SELECT relname, n_dead_tup, last_vacuum
FROM pg_stat_user_tables
WHERE n_dead_tup > 1000
ORDER BY n_dead_tup DESC;
```
### 配置模板
```sql
-- Connection limits (adjust for RAM)
ALTER SYSTEM SET max_connections = 100;
ALTER SYSTEM SET work_mem = '8MB';
-- Timeouts
ALTER SYSTEM SET idle_in_transaction_session_timeout = '30s';
ALTER SYSTEM SET statement_timeout = '30s';
-- Monitoring
CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pg_stat_statements;
-- Security defaults
REVOKE ALL ON SCHEMA public FROM public;
SELECT pg_reload_conf();
```
## 相关
* 智能体：`database-reviewer` - 完整的数据库审查工作流
* 技能：`clickhouse-io` - ClickHouse 分析模式
* 技能：`backend-patterns` - API 和后端模式
***
*基于 [Supabase Agent Skills](Supabase Agent Skills (credit: Supabase team)) (MIT License)*
Auf GitHub ansehen