language-expertise

# Language Expertise Skill ## 🔴 AI FIRST Quality Principle > **Apply the AI FIRST principle: never accept first-pass quality. Minimum 2 iterations. Read all output, improve every section. No shortcuts.** ## Purpose Comprehensive linguistic and cultural expertise for ensuring accurate, culturally appropriate, and engaging content across all 14 language versions of Riksdagsmonitor. ## Supported Languages | Code | Language | Script | Direction | Native Speakers | Target Audience | |------|----------|--------|-----------|-----------------|-----------------| | **en** | English | Latin | LTR | 1.5B | International, default | | **sv** | Swedish | Latin | LTR | 10M | Primary (Swedish citizens) | | **da** | Danish | Latin | LTR | 6M | Nordic region | | **no** | Norwegian | Latin | LTR | 5M | Nordic region | | **fi** | Finnish | Latin | LTR | 5M | Nordic region | | **de** | German | Latin | LTR | 130M | European, business | | **fr** | French | Latin | LTR | 280M | European, diplomatic | | **es** | Spanish | Latin | LTR | 550M | International, Latin America | | **nl** | Dutch | Latin | LTR | 25M | Benelux region | | **ar** | Arabic | Arabic | **RTL** | 420M | Middle East, North Africa | | **he** | Hebrew | Hebrew | **RTL** | 9M | Israel, Jewish diaspora | | **ja** | Japanese | Kanji/Kana | LTR | 125M | Japan, Asia | | **ko** | Korean | Hangul | LTR | 80M | Korea, Asia | | **zh** | Chinese | Hanzi | LTR | 1.3B | China, Asia | ## Core Principles ### 1. 🌍 Linguistic Accuracy - **Native-Level Quality**: Professional translation, not machine translation - **Domain Expertise**: Political/parliamentary terminology - **Consistency**: Glossary of terms across all languages - **Grammar Perfection**: No errors in grammar, spelling, punctuation ### 2. 🎭 Cultural Appropriateness - **Cultural Sensitivity**: Respect local customs, values, taboos - **Political Neutrality**: Avoid culturally biased framing - **Localization**: Adapt examples, metaphors, idioms - **Visual Elements**: Cultural considerations for colors, symbols ### 3. 📐 Technical Correctness - **Character Encoding**: UTF-8 support for all scripts - **RTL Layout**: Proper right-to-left rendering for Arabic, Hebrew - **Typography**: Appropriate fonts for each script - **Formatting**: Date, number, currency formats per locale ## Language-Specific Guidelines ### 🇬🇧 English (en) - Default/International **Target Audience**: International users, journalists, researchers, diplomats **Style Guidelines**: - **Variety**: International English (prefer -ize over -ise, but consistent) - **Tone**: Professional, authoritative, neutral - **Complexity**: Accessible to non-native speakers (avoid idioms) - **Structure**: Clear, concise sentences (15-20 words average) **Political Terminology**: ```yaml Riksdag: "Swedish Parliament" (explain in parentheses first use) Ledamot: "Member of Parliament (MP)" Utskott: "Parliamentary Committee" Omröstning: "Parliamentary Vote" ``` **Date/Number Formats**: - Dates: YYYY-MM-DD (ISO 8601) or "11 February 2026" - Numbers: 1,000.00 (comma thousand separator, period decimal) - Currency: SEK 1,000 or kr 1,000 ### 🇸🇪 Swedish (sv) - Primary Language **Target Audience**: Swedish citizens, primary stakeholder group **Style Guidelines**: - **Formality**: Du-form (informal) for general content, Ni-form (formal) for official documents - **Compound Words**: Swedish compound word rules (sammansatta ord) - **Gender**: Gender-neutral language where possible - **Acronyms**: Explain Swedish political acronyms (S, M, SD, V, MP, C, L, KD) **Political Terminology** (Use Swedish native terms): ```yaml Riksdag: Riksdag (no translation) Ledamot: Ledamot / Riksdagsledamot Utskott: Utskott (e.g. Finansutskottet) Omröstning: Votering / Omröstning Regeringen: Regeringen (Government) ``` **Date/Number Formats**: - Dates: 2026-02-11 or "11 februari 2026" - Numbers: 1 000,00 (space thousand separator, comma decimal) - Currency: 1 000 kr or 1 000 SEK **Common Phrases**: - Welcome: "Välkommen till Riksdagsmonitor" - About: "Om Riksdagsmonitor" - Contact: "Kontakta oss" ### 🇩🇰 Danish (da) - Nordic Region **Target Audience**: Danish citizens, Nordic cooperation stakeholders **Style Guidelines**: - **Similarities**: Very similar to Norwegian, some mutual intelligibility with Swedish - **Unique Features**: Stød (glottal stop), unique pronunciation - **Compound Words**: Similar to Swedish, German - **Formality**: Du-form standard for web content **Political Terminology**: ```yaml Riksdag: "Den svenske rigsdag" / "Sveriges riksdag" Ledamot: "Medlem af rigsdagen" Utskott: "Udvalg" Omröstning: "Afstemning" ``` **Date/Number Formats**: - Dates: 11. februar 2026 or 11-02-2026 - Numbers: 1.000,00 (period thousand, comma decimal) - Currency: 1.000 kr (DKK) ### 🇳🇴 Norwegian (no) - Nordic Region **Target Audience**: Norwegian citizens, Nordic cooperation **Style Guidelines**: - **Varieties**: Bokmål (used here) vs Nynorsk - **Similarities**: Close to Danish written, distinct pronunciation - **Compound Words**: German/Swedish-style compounding - **Formality**: Du-form for web content **Political Terminology**: ```yaml Riksdag: "Det svenske Stortinget" / "Sveriges riksdag" Ledamot: "Stortingsrepresentant" (Norwegian) / "Riksdagsmedlem" (Swedish) Utskott: "Komité" Omröstning: "Avstemning" ``` **Date/Number Formats**: - Dates: 11. februar 2026 - Numbers: 1 000,00 (space thousand, comma decimal) - Currency: 1 000 kr (NOK) ### 🇫🇮 Finnish (fi) - Nordic Region **Target Audience**: Finnish citizens, Nordic cooperation **Style Guidelines**: - **Language Family**: Uralic (not Indo-European like others) - **Cases**: 15 grammatical cases, complex morphology - **Compound Words**: Extensive compounding - **Formality**: Sinä (informal) for web, Te (formal) for official **Political Terminology**: ```yaml Riksdag: "Ruotsin valtiopäivät" / "Riksdag" Ledamot: "Kansanedustaja" (Finnish) / "Riksdagsledamot" (Swedish) Utskott: "Valiokunta" Omröstning: "Äänestys" ``` **Date/Number Formats**: - Dates: 11. helmikuuta 2026 or 11.2.2026 - Numbers: 1 000,00 (space thousand, comma decimal) - Currency: 1 000 € (EUR) ### 🇩🇪 German (de) - European/Business **Target Audience**: German-speaking Europe, business stakeholders **Style Guidelines**: - **Formality**: Sie-form (formal) for business content - **Capitalization**: All nouns capitalized - **Compound Words**: Extensive, longest in European languages - **Precision**: German values precision, detail, thoroughness **Political Terminology**: ```yaml Riksdag: "Schwedischer Reichstag" / "Riksdag" Ledamot: "Abgeordneter des Riksdags" Utskott: "Ausschuss" Omröstning: "Abstimmung" Parlament: "Parlament" ``` **Date/Number Formats**: - Dates: 11. Februar 2026 or 11.02.2026 - Numbers: 1.000,00 (period thousand, comma decimal) - Currency: 1.000 € or 1.000 EUR **Common Phrases**: - Welcome: "Willkommen bei Riksdagsmonitor" - About: "Über Riksdagsmonitor" - Contact: "Kontakt" ### 🇫🇷 French (fr) - European/Diplomatic **Target Audience**: French-speaking Europe, international organizations, diplomats **Style Guidelines**: - **Formality**: Vous-form (formal) for web content - **Gender Agreement**: Adjectives must agree with noun gender - **Accents**: Proper use of accents (é, è, ê, ç, etc.) - **Elegance**: French values eloquence, avoiding anglicisms **Political Terminology**: ```yaml Riksdag: "Le Parlement suédois" / "Riksdag" Ledamot: "Député du Riksdag" Utskott: "Commission" Omröstning: "Vote" / "Scrutin" Gouvernement: "Gouvernement" ``` **Date/Number Formats**: - Dates: 11 février 2026 or 11/02/2026 - Numbers: 1 000,00 (space thousand, comma decimal) - Currency: 1 000 € or 1 000 EUR **Common Phrases**: - Welcome: "Bienvenue sur Riksdagsmonitor" - About: "À propos de Riksdagsmonitor" - Contact: "Nous contacter" ### 🇪🇸 Spanish (es) - International/Latin America **Target Audience**: Spanish-speaking world (500M+), Latin America, Spain **Style Guidelines**: - **Variety**: International Spanish (neutral, avoid regional slang) - **Formality**: Usted-form for professional content - **Gender**: Use inclusive language (ciudadanos y ciudadanas → ciudadanía) - **Punctuation**: Inverted question/exclamation marks (¿¡) **Political Terminology**: ```yaml Riksdag: "El Parlamento sueco" / "Riksdag" Ledamot: "Diputado del Riksdag" Utskott: "Comisión" Omröstning: "Votación" Gobierno: "Gobierno" ``` **Date/Number Formats**: - Dates: 11 de febrero de 2026 or 11/02/2026 - Numbers: 1.000,00 (period thousand, comma decimal) - Currency: 1.000 € or 1.000 EUR **Common Phrases**: - Welcome: "Bienvenido a Riksdagsmonitor" - About: "Acerca de Riksdagsmonitor" - Contact: "Contáctenos" ### 🇳🇱 Dutch (nl) - Benelux Region **Target Audience**: Netherlands, Belgium (Flanders), Benelux business **Style Guidelines**: - **Formality**: U-form (formal) for business, je-form (informal) acceptable for web - **Compound Words**: Like German, extensive compounding - **Spelling**: Post-1990s spelling reforms - **Directness**: Dutch culture values directness, clarity **Political Terminology**: ```yaml Riksdag: "Het Zweedse Parlement" / "Riksdag" Ledamot: "Lid van de Riksdag" Utskott: "Commissie" Omröstning: "Stemming" Regering: "Regering" ``` **Date/Number Formats**: - Dates: 11 februari 2026 or 11-02-2026 - Numbers: 1.000,00 (period thousand, comma decimal) - Currency: € 1.000 or EUR 1.000 ### 🇸🇦 Arabic (ar) - Middle East/North Africa **[RTL]** **Target Audience**: Arabic-speaking world (420M), Middle East, North Africa **Style Guidelines**: - **Script**: Arabic script (cursive, connected letters) - **Direction**: **Right-to-left (RTL)** layout - **Variety**: Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) for formal content - **Formality**: Formal register for political content - **Numerals**: Use Eastern Arabic numerals (٠١٢٣٤٥٦٧٨٩) or Western (0-9) **Political Terminology**: ```yaml Riksdag: "البرلمان السويدي" (al-Barlamān al-Suwaydī) Ledamot: "عضو البرلمان" (ʿuḍw al-Barlamān) Utskott: "لجنة" (lajnah) Omröstning: "تصويت" (taṣwīt) Government: "حكومة" (ḥukūmah) ``` **Date/Number Formats**: - Dates: ١١ فبراير ٢٠٢٦ or 2026-02-11 - Numbers: ١٬٠٠٠٫٠٠ or 1,000.00 (depending on region) - Currency: ١٬٠٠٠ ريال or 1,000 SAR **RTL Considerations**: ```css [dir="rtl"] { direction: rtl; text-align: right; } /* Mirror directional icons */ [dir="rtl"] .icon-arrow-right { transform: scaleX(-1); } ``` ### 🇮🇱 Hebrew (he) - Israel/Jewish Diaspora **[RTL]** **Target Audience**: Israel, Jewish diaspora, Middle East **Style Guidelines**: - **Script**: Hebrew alphabet (אבגד) - **Direction**: **Right-to-left (RTL)** layout - **Vowels**: Usually omitted in modern Hebrew (נִקּוּד optional) - **Formality**: Formal register for official content - **Loanwords**: Many English loanwords in tech, politics **Political Terminology**: ```yaml Riksdag: "הפרלמנט השוודי" (ha-Parlament ha-Shvedi) Ledamot: "חבר פרלמנט" (khaver Parlament) Utskott: "ועדה" (va'adah)