seo-optimization

# SEO Optimization Skill ## Purpose Ensures websites are optimized for search engines following modern SEO best practices, with focus on technical SEO, structured data, and international/multilingual support. ## Rules ### Meta Tags (MUST HAVE) ```html <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <!-- Title: 50-60 characters --> <title>Cybersecurity Consulting Services | Hack23 AB</title> <!-- Meta Description: 150-160 characters --> <meta name="description" content="Expert cybersecurity consulting with transparent security practices. ISO 27001, GDPR, and NIS2 compliance support for Swedish organizations."> <!-- Canonical URL --> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.hack23.com/services.html"> <!-- Open Graph (Social Media) --> <meta property="og:title" content="Cybersecurity Consulting Services"> <meta property="og:description" content="Expert security consulting with transparency"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.hack23.com/images/og-image.jpg"> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.hack23.com/services.html"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <!-- Twitter Card --> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Cybersecurity Consulting Services"> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Expert security consulting"> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://www.hack23.com/images/twitter-card.jpg"> </head> ``` ### Structured Data (Schema.org) **MUST USE for:** - Organization - WebSite - BreadcrumbList - Article (blog posts) - FAQPage - Service **Example - Organization:** ```html <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "Organization", "name": "Hack23 AB", "url": "https://www.hack23.com", "logo": "https://www.hack23.com/images/logo.png", "description": "Cybersecurity consulting with transparent security practices", "address": { "@type": "PostalAddress", "addressCountry": "SE" }, "sameAs": [ "https://github.com/Hack23", "https://www.linkedin.com/company/hack23" ] } </script> ``` ### Multilingual SEO (hreflang) **MUST IMPLEMENT for translated pages:** ```html <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en" href="https://www.hack23.com/services.html"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="sv" href="https://www.hack23.com/services_sv.html"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="de" href="https://www.hack23.com/services_de.html"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="x-default" href="https://www.hack23.com/services.html"> ``` ### Semantic HTML for SEO **MUST:** - Use `<h1>` once per page - Maintain proper heading hierarchy (h1→h2→h3) - Use semantic elements (`<article>`, `<nav>`, `<header>`, `<footer>`) - Include `alt` text on all images - Use descriptive anchor text ### Performance Optimization **MUST:** - Achieve Lighthouse Performance score ≥ 90 - First Contentful Paint < 1.5s - Largest Contentful Paint < 2.5s - Time to Interactive < 3.5s - Use WebP images with fallbacks - Minify HTML/CSS/JavaScript - Enable gzip/Brotli compression - Implement lazy loading for images ### Sitemap & Robots.txt **sitemap.xml:** ```xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <urlset xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <url> <loc>https://www.hack23.com/services.html</loc> <lastmod>2025-01-24</lastmod> <changefreq>monthly</changefreq> <priority>0.8</priority> <xhtml:link rel="alternate" hreflang="sv" href="https://www.hack23.com/services_sv.html"/> <xhtml:link rel="alternate" hreflang="de" href="https://www.hack23.com/services_de.html"/> </url> </urlset> ``` **robots.txt:** ``` User-agent: * Allow: / Sitemap: https://www.hack23.com/sitemap.xml ``` ### Security Headers (SEO Impact) **MUST INCLUDE:** ``` Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN Referrer-Policy: strict-origin-when-cross-origin ``` ## SEO Checklist - [ ] Unique `<title>` per page (50-60 chars) - [ ] Unique meta description per page (150-160 chars) - [ ] Canonical URL specified - [ ] Structured data (Schema.org) implemented - [ ] hreflang tags for translations - [ ] Sitemap.xml generated and submitted - [ ] robots.txt configured - [ ] Mobile-friendly (responsive design) - [ ] HTTPS enforced - [ ] Page load time < 3 seconds - [ ] Images optimized (WebP) - [ ] Alt text on all images - [ ] Internal linking structure - [ ] Breadcrumb navigation - [ ] 404 page exists - [ ] No broken links ## Related Documentation - [html-css-best-practices SKILL.md](../html-css-best-practices/SKILL.md) - [accessibility-wcag SKILL.md](../accessibility-wcag/SKILL.md) ## Tools - **Google Search Console**: Monitor search performance - **Schema.org Validator**: https://validator.schema.org/ - **Rich Results Test**: https://search.google.com/test/rich-results - **Lighthouse**: Performance and SEO audits