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attached-fund-structure

Designs the legal structure for attaching a venture fund to a studio — Management Co + GP entity + LP entity layered per govclab recommendation. Use when the user asks "attached fund", "studio fund", "management company", "GP LP structure", "fund formation", "LP agreement", "/attached-fund-structure", or has a mature studio and considers launching a fund alongside it. STRONG LEGAL DISCLAIMER — fund formation is highly regulated and jurisdiction-specific; this skill is a preparation aid, NOT legal advice.

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DojoCodingLabs/venture-studio-toolkit
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2026년 4월 15일 08:50
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attached-fund-structure
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1.1.0
description
Designs the legal structure for attaching a venture fund to a studio — Management Co + GP entity + LP entity layered per govclab recommendation. Use when the user asks "attached fund", "studio fund", "management company", "GP LP structure", "fund formation", "LP agreement", "/attached-fund-structure", or has a mature studio and considers launching a fund alongside it. STRONG LEGAL DISCLAIMER — fund formation is highly regulated and jurisdiction-specific; this skill is a preparation aid, NOT legal advice.
# Attached Fund Structure (Studio + Fund) Diseña la estructura legal para atar un fondo al studio operativo, siguiendo la arquitectura recomendada por govclab. ## ⚠️ ¿Este skill es para vos? **Este skill es para venture studios con plan de fund atado (LP capital)**. Si sos serial entrepreneur o operador de studio sin plan de fund institucional, **probablemente NO necesitás esto**. ### Casos donde este skill NO es para vos - **3-5 ventures personales con raises VC independientes per venture** → usar `structure-decision` patrón #6 (Services Hub) + skill `services-hub-setup` - **Un solo venture con VC** → usar `structure-decision` para elegir Delaware Tostada, Cayman Sandwich, o C-Corp apropiado - **Serial entrepreneur sin plan de fund institucional** → usar `when-to-become-studio` para validar si necesitás formalizar (probablemente Mode 2 — Services Hub) - **Pre-track record studio** → esperar hasta tener 2+ exits o milestone equivalente antes de considerar fund atado ### Casos donde SÍ es para vos - Track record verificable de venture studio operando 2+ años - Plan concreto de levantar $2-10MM+ de Limited Partners institucionales - Team dedicated al studio work (no solo founders de ventures individuales) - Budget para setup legal $50k+ + fund admin $20-50k/año ongoing - LP prospects identificados con conversaciones iniciales (≥10 meetings) Si ninguno de estos aplica → volvé a `structure-decision` (especialmente patrón #6 Services Hub) o `when-to-become-studio` para guía apropiada. ## ⚠️ DISCLAIMER LEGAL FUERTE **Fund formation es un dominio altamente regulado**. Las jurisdicciones tienen requirements específicos (SEC en US, CIMA en Cayman, CNMV en España, etc.), reglas de KYC/AML sobre LPs, restricciones de marketing (Reg D en US, etc.), y responsabilidades fiduciarias significativas. **Esta skill genera un draft estructural para llegar preparado/a a tu abogado**. **NO reemplaza**: - Fund formation lawyer (especializado en VC) - Securities lawyer (para compliance de marketing + offering) - Tax lawyer / accountant (para structuring fiscal) - Fund administrator (para operaciones) **NO incorporar un fund basándote solo en este output**. Consultar al menos 3 abogados especializados antes de firmar nada. Los errores de fund formation son caros y a menudo irreversibles. ## Regla de idioma Español. Términos de fund formation en "español (English)" primera vez. ## Directorio de salida ``` ./portfolio/{studio-name}/fund/ ├── structure-design.md # Diseño arquitectónico ├── jurisdictions-analysis.md # Comparativa de jurisdicciones para GP/LP/Fund ├── checklist-abogados.md # Qué preguntar a cada tipo de abogado └── references-links.md # Templates govclab + otros recursos ``` --- ## La arquitectura recomendada (govclab) ```mermaid flowchart TD MC["🏢 <b>Management Company</b><br/>Operaciones del studio<br/>Contratos · servicios · gestión de portfolio"] GP["⚖️ <b>GP Entity (General Partner)</b><br/>Administradora del fund<br/>Decisions de inversión · gestión del fund"] Fund["💰 <b>Fund Entity (LP)</b><br/>Vehículo de inversión<br/>Donde viven los recursos de los LPs"] Portfolio["🚀 <b>Portfolio Companies</b><br/>Las ventures<br/><i>Del studio o inversiones externas</i>"] MC -->|"provides services to"| GP GP -->|"manages"| Fund Fund -->|"invests in"| Portfolio style MC fill:#e3f2fd,stroke:#1976d2,stroke-width:2px style GP fill:#f3e5f5,stroke:#7b1fa2,stroke-width:2px style Fund fill:#fff9c4,stroke:#f57f17,stroke-width:2px style Portfolio fill:#e8f5e9,stroke:#388e3c,stroke-width:2px ``` ### Por qué esta separación - **Management Co** aísla operaciones del studio de las responsabilidades del fund (si el fund falla, el studio operations siguen) - **GP Entity** separada del fund provee limited liability para los managers (si un LP demanda, no toca assets personales) - **Fund Entity** es donde viven los LP commitments — estructurado según jurisdicción (Delaware LP, Cayman LP, Luxembourg SCSp, etc.) ### Management fees + Carry - **Management Company recibe management fee**: típico 2% annual del committed capital - **GP Entity recibe carry**: típico 20% de los profits después del hurdle (8% IRR usual) - Esto es "2 and 20" — el standard VC industry --- ## Flujo del skill ### Paso 1 — Precondiciones **AFS-1**: "¿Cumplís estas precondiciones? - [ ] Studio tiene al menos 12 meses operando con track record - [ ] Track record cuantificable (exits, raised amounts, companies helped) - [ ] Thesis validated (ver skill `studio-thesis`) - [ ] Secret sauce identified (ver skill `secret-sauce`) - [ ] LP prospects identificados (al menos 10 potential LPs con conversaciones iniciales) - [ ] Capital disponible para setup ($50k-$200k mínimo para setup legal + fund admin) Si alguna falta: **NO estás listo/a para attached fund todavía**. El setup cost + regulatory burden matará al studio si arrancás sin precondiciones." ### Paso 2 — Fund jurisdicción **AFS-2**: "¿Dónde están tus LPs principales? - US-based LPs (HNWIs, family offices, institutions) → Delaware LP más común - LATAM LPs → Cayman LP (47.7% de unicornios LATAM ya están ahí) - European LPs → Luxembourg SCSp o Ireland - Mixed international → Cayman típicamente - Token-economy LPs (crypto) → BVI o Cayman La jurisdicción del fund debe matchear where LPs están dispuestos a invertir con comfort legal/fiscal." ### Paso 3 — GP entity jurisdicción **AFS-3**: "¿Dónde viven los GPs (los managers del fund)? - US residents → Delaware LLC para GP - Non-US residents + US LPs → Cayman GP o BVI - Latam GPs + local fund → podría ser jurisdicción LATAM (con caveats — raro para fund institutional) La GP entity debe ser compatible con tax residency de los GPs para evitar double-taxation del carry." ### Paso 4 — Management Co jurisdicción **AFS-4**: "¿Dónde se operan los servicios del studio (empleados, contratistas, oficina)? - US operations → Delaware LLC or C-Corp - LATAM operations → OpCo local (CR SRL, MX S.A.P.I., etc.) - Mixed operations → Management Co donde esté el mayor volumen de ops La Management Co es donde se pagan los empleados y proveedores. Debe poder contratar localmente." ### Paso 5 — Matching las 3 jurisdicciones Las 3 entidades NO tienen que estar en la misma jurisdicción. De hecho, la estructura típica de un fund LATAM: - Fund: **Cayman LP** - GP: **Cayman LLC** (o Delaware LLC) - Management Co: **LATAM OpCo** (donde están los empleados del studio) Esta separación es exactamente lo que govclab recomienda. ### Paso 6 — Fund size + economics **AFS-5**: "Definir parámetros (ver también skill `studio-thesis`): - **Target fund size**: $X MM (mínimo $2MM, target $10MM para emerging manager) - **Management fee**: 2% anual del committed capital (estándar) - **Carry**: 20% de profits después de hurdle - **Hurdle rate**: 8% IRR (LP gets 8% before GP gets carry — estándar) - **Fund term**: 10 años + 2 extensions de 1 año (estándar VC) - **Investment period**: primeros 3-5 años para deploying capital ¿Querés algo non-standard? Justificar y esperar pushback de LPs." ### Paso 7 — LPA (Limited Partnership Agreement) **AFS-6**: "Para el LPA (contrato con LPs), Govclab provee free templates: - **Cornerstone LPA v3.0** — [govclab.com/resources](https://govclab.com/resources/) — incorporates latest SEC regulations - **The PACT** — pledge agreement for non-binding LP commitments (usado en fundraising antes del closing) Consultar estos templates como starting point, pero **NUNCA firmar un template como-es**. Tu abogado debe customize al caso específico. Key terms que NO son negotiables con LPs serios: - Capital calls mechanism (cómo el fund llama capital de LPs) - Preferred return / hurdle - Carry waterfall (distribución de profits) - Clawback provisions (si GP sobrepaga carry, debe devolver) - Key person clause (qué pasa si GP clave se va o muere) - Investment restrictions (no invertir en ciertos sectores, geografías, stages) - Reporting requirements (frequency + format)" ### Paso 8 — Fund administrator **AFS-7**: "Todo fund institutional usa un **fund administrator** para manejar: - NAV calculations - Capital calls + distributions - LP reporting - KYC/AML compliance - Tax reporting (K-1s in US, etc.) Options comunes: Sudrania, Gen II Fund Services, Deloitte Fund Administration, etc. Costo: $20k-$100k/year según tamaño del fund. Para fund <$10MM, probablemente no puedas afford full admin. Opciones: - Hybrid: GP hace admin básico + outsource audit - Crowdfunding-lite platforms (AngelList, Carta Fund Admin) para funds pequeños" ### Paso 9 — Regulatory considerations **AFS-8**: "Check list de regulatory compliance (varía por jurisdicción): **US Reg D**: - Fund debe ser privately offered — no general solicitation sin Rule 506(c) - LPs deben ser accredited investors - Form D filing con SEC within 15 días de first sale - Blue sky filings por state donde LPs residen **Cayman**: - CIMA registration si asset size > threshold - AML officer designated - Economic substance requirements (operating expenses in Cayman) **LATAM**: - Varía drásticamente. México SEC equivalente (CNBV). Brasil CVM. Argentina CNV. Consultar abogado local. **Marketing**: - Materiales con LPs → review por securities lawyer BEFORE sending - 'Track record' claims → auditable evidence required - 'Returns' claims → regulated disclosures Underestimar compliance es trampa común — lleva a SEC actions que cierran fondos." --- ## Output Generar `./portfolio/{studio}/fund/structure-design.md`: ```markdown # Attached Fund Structure Design — [Studio Name] **⚠️ DRAFT ONLY — NOT legal advice. Validate with fund formation lawyer.** ## Precondiciones check | Criterion | Status | |---|---| | 12+ months operating history | ✅/❌ | | Cuantifiable track record | ✅/❌ | | Thesis validated | ✅/❌ | | Secret sauce identified | ✅/❌ | | 10+ LP prospects with initial convos | ✅/❌ | | $50k+ budget for setup | ✅/❌ | **Proceed status**: [GO / NOT YET — address failed criteria first] ## Proposed structure ### Fund Entity - **Jurisdicción**: [e.g., Cayman Islands] - **Forma legal**: [e.g., Cayman Exempted Limited Partnership] - **Razón**: [LP demographics] - **Target fund size**: $X MM - **Fund term**: 10 años + 2×1 year extensions ### GP Entity - **Jurisdicción**: [e.g., Cayman LLC] - **Razón**: [GP tax residency + fund compatibility] ### Management Company - **Jurisdicción**: [e.g., LATAM OpCo] - **Razón**: [where operations run] ### Economics - Management fee: 2% annual committed capital - Carry: 20% after 8% hurdle - Investment period: 3 años - Hurdle rate: 8% IRR preferred return ## LPA key terms draft [Based on govclab Cornerstone LPA template — MUST be customized by lawyer] - Capital calls: [mechanism] - Distributions: [waterfall] - Key person: [GPs named] - Investment restrictions: [per thesis focus] - Reporting: [quarterly unaudited, annual audited] ## Setup checklist - [ ] Hire fund formation lawyer (3 quotes minimum) - [ ] Hire securities lawyer (reg compliance) - [ ] Hire tax lawyer (structuring fiscal) - [ ] Select fund administrator - [ ] Form Management Co (if not existing) - [ ] Form GP Entity - [ ] Draft LPA (use govclab template as base) - [ ] KYC/AML procedures set up - [ ] Form D filing prepared (US) - [ ] Bank accounts (Management Co + GP + Fund escrow) - [ ] Carta / Juniper Square / Dynasty setup (fund admin software) - [ ] First close target date: [date] - [ ] Final close target date: [date + 18 months typical] ## Estimated costs - Legal (formation + LPA): $30k-$100k - Fund admin setup: $10k-$30k - Ongoing admin (annual): $20k-$80k - Management fee can cover ongoing after first close ## Jurisdictions analysis [Separate doc `jurisdictions-analysis.md` with detailed comparison] ## Abogados checklist [Separate doc `checklist-abogados.md` con preguntas específicas por abogado] ## References - Govclab resources (Cornerstone LPA, PACT) - VC Lab curriculum (if not already done) - Fund administrators: Sudrania, Gen II, Carta Fund Admin, AngelList ``` --- ## Principios clave - **Precondiciones MUST**: sin track record, sin LP prospects, NO hacer fund - **3 entidades separadas**: Management Co, GP, Fund — cada una protege contra diferente risk - **Jurisdicciones pueden diferir**: Management Co en LATAM, GP en Cayman, Fund en Cayman es estándar - **Gov templates son starting point**: nunca firmar template genérico como-es - **Regulatory compliance >>> optional**: SEC actions pueden cerrar tu fund irremediablemente ## Anti-patterns - **"Solo hago un LLC y meto inversores ahí"** → puede constituir unregistered securities offering - **Firmar Cornerstone LPA as-is** → los LPs que revisen van a detectar (y rechazar) - **Olvidar Form D filing** → strict liability, multiples states - **General solicitation sin 506(c)**: tweet público "raising $5M fund" sin 506(c) election = violation - **Self-managed carry**: carry paid to self antes del final distribution sin clawback = fraud potencial ## Integración con otras skills - **`studio-thesis`** (hard prerequisite): sin thesis validada no hay fund - **`secret-sauce`** (hard prerequisite): LPs invierten en el secret sauce, no en vibes - **`structure-decision`**: la Management Co se decide aquí - **`studio-focus`**: el focus es parte del LPA (investment restrictions) ## Recursos - **Govclab / VC Lab**: - [Cornerstone LPA v3.0](https://govclab.com/resources/) (free LPA template) - [The PACT](https://govclab.com/resources/) (non-binding LP commitment template) - [How to Build a Venture Studio](https://govclab.com/2023/04/25/how-to-build-a-venture-studio/) (structure guidance) - [VC Lab Curriculum](https://govclab.com/venture-institute/) (education) - **Fund Administrators**: Sudrania, Gen II Fund Services, Carta Fund Admin, AngelList - **Delaware Fund Library**: [Cooley Go](https://www.cooleygo.com/) — free templates for US funds - **Books**: *Venture Deals* (Feld/Mendelson), *The Business of Venture Capital* (Mahendra Ramsinghani)
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