Generate procedural content in FXGL — create random dungeon layouts with DungeonGenerator and DungeonConfig (room size, count, grid dimensions), generate perfect mazes with MazeGenerator, convert generated Grid2D cells to spawned game entities via EntityFactory, seed generation for reproducible levels, mark special rooms (start, boss, treasure), solve generated mazes with A*, and integrate procedural levels with SaveLoadService for level codes. Use this skill when building a roguelike, endless runner, procedurally generated dungeon crawler, or any game where levels are generated at runtime rather than hand-crafted.
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name
fxgl-procedural
description
Generate procedural content in FXGL — create random dungeon layouts with DungeonGenerator and DungeonConfig (room size, count, grid dimensions), generate perfect mazes with MazeGenerator, convert generated Grid2D cells to spawned game entities via EntityFactory, seed generation for reproducible levels, mark special rooms (start, boss, treasure), solve generated mazes with A*, and integrate procedural levels with SaveLoadService for level codes. Use this skill when building a roguelike, endless runner, procedurally generated dungeon crawler, or any game where levels are generated at runtime rather than hand-crafted.
List<Room> rooms = generator.getRooms();
// Start room — first room placed (guaranteed to exist)RoomstartRoom= rooms.get(0);
doublestartX= startRoom.getCenterX() * TILE;
doublestartY= startRoom.getCenterY() * TILE;
spawn("player", startX, startY);
// Boss room — last room placed (furthest from start)RoombossRoom= rooms.get(rooms.size() - 1);
spawn("boss", bossRoom.getCenterX() * TILE, bossRoom.getCenterY() * TILE);
// Treasure rooms — random middle roomsfor (inti=1; i < rooms.size() - 1; i++) {
if (FXGLMath.randomBoolean(0.3)) { // 30% chance per roomRoomr= rooms.get(i);
spawn("chest", r.getCenterX() * TILE, r.getCenterY() * TILE);
}
}
Seeded Generation (Reproducible Levels)
// Use a seed so the same number always produces the same dungeonlongseed=42L; // or derive from level number, player ID, etc.DungeonConfigconfig=newDungeonConfig()
.gridWidth(50)
.gridHeight(50)
.minRoomSize(5)
.maxRoomSize(12)
.maxRooms(15)
.seed(seed);
DungeonGeneratorgenerator=newDungeonGenerator(config);
Grid2D<DungeonCell> dungeon = generator.generate();
// Same config + same seed → identical dungeon every time// Share as "level code" with playersStringlevelCode= Long.toString(seed, 36).toUpperCase(); // e.g. "Y" or "1Z4K"// Reconstruct: long seed = Long.parseLong(levelCode.toLowerCase(), 36);
Maze Generation
import com.almasb.fxgl.procedural.maze.MazeGenerator;
import com.almasb.fxgl.procedural.maze.MazeCell;
// 1. Generate (uses recursive backtracker DFS — perfect maze)MazeGeneratormazeGen=newMazeGenerator(25, 20); // columns, rows
Grid2D<MazeCell> maze = mazeGen.generate();
// 2. Render walls as thin static physics bodiesintCELL=48; // pixel size per cellintWALL=4; // wall thickness
maze.forEach((cell, x, y) -> {
doublewx= x * CELL;
doublewy= y * CELL;
// Spawn floor for every cell
spawn("floor", wx, wy);
// Spawn walls on the edges that existif (cell.hasTopWall()) spawnWall(wx, wy, CELL, WALL);
if (cell.hasLeftWall()) spawnWall(wx, wy, WALL, CELL);
if (cell.hasRightWall()) spawnWall(wx + CELL - WALL, wy, WALL, CELL);
if (cell.hasBottomWall()) spawnWall(wx, wy + CELL - WALL, CELL, WALL);
});
// HelperprivatevoidspawnWall(double x, double y, double w, double h) {
entityBuilder()
.at(x, y)
.view(newRectangle(w, h, Color.DARKGRAY))
.bbox(BoundingShape.box(w, h))
.with(newPhysicsComponent())
.buildAndAttach();
}
Solve Generated Maze with A*
// Convert maze Grid2D to AStarGrid for pathfindingAStarGridastarGrid=newAStarGrid(mazeGen.getWidth(), mazeGen.getHeight());
maze.forEach((cell, x, y) -> {
// Mark cell NOT_WALKABLE if all sides are walls (isolated — shouldn't happen in perfect maze)// Otherwise WALKABLE — corridors are open cells
astarGrid.getCell(x, y).setState(CellState.WALKABLE);
});
// Walls are encoded in the cell edges, not as grid cells.// For A* to respect walls, you need to override AStarGrid movement cost between adjacent cells.// Simpler approach: convert to a 2x scale grid where walls ARE cells:// --- Alternative: wall-as-cell approach (2× scale) ---intW2= mazeGen.getWidth() * 2 + 1;
intH2= mazeGen.getHeight() * 2 + 1;
AStarGridbigGrid=newAStarGrid(W2, H2);
// Default all to NOT_WALKABLE (walls)
bigGrid.forEach(cell -> cell.setState(CellState.NOT_WALKABLE));
// Open cell centers and passages
maze.forEach((cell, x, y) -> {
intbx= x * 2 + 1;
intby= y * 2 + 1;
bigGrid.getCell(bx, by).setState(CellState.WALKABLE); // cell centerif (!cell.hasRightWall()) bigGrid.getCell(bx + 1, by).setState(CellState.WALKABLE);
if (!cell.hasBottomWall()) bigGrid.getCell(bx, by + 1).setState(CellState.WALKABLE);
});
// Now find a path through the maze
List<AStarCell> path = bigGrid.getAStarSearch().findPath(1, 1, W2 - 2, H2 - 2);
Dynamic Level Generation on New Level
// In the game class — regenerate each time the player advancesprivateintcurrentLevel=1;
privatevoidloadNextLevel() {
getGameWorld().getEntitiesCopy().forEach(Entity::removeFromWorld);
longseed= (long) currentLevel * 7919L; // deterministic seed from level numberDungeonConfigconfig=newDungeonConfig()
.gridWidth(40 + currentLevel * 2) // levels get larger
.gridHeight(40 + currentLevel * 2)
.minRoomSize(4)
.maxRoomSize(10 + currentLevel)
.maxRooms(8 + currentLevel * 2)
.seed(seed);
DungeonGeneratorgen=newDungeonGenerator(config);
Grid2D<DungeonCell> dungeon = gen.generate();
spawnDungeon(dungeon, gen.getRooms());
currentLevel++;
set("level", currentLevel);
}
Saving and Restoring Level Seed
@OverridepublicvoidwriteSaveState(DataFile data) {
Bundleb= data.getBundle("world");
b.put("dungeonSeed", currentSeed);
b.put("level", geti("level"));
}
@OverridepublicvoidreadSaveState(DataFile data) {
Bundleb= data.getBundle("world");
currentSeed = b.get("dungeonSeed");
intlevel= b.get("level");
set("level", level);
// Rebuild identical dungeon from saved seedDungeonConfigconfig=newDungeonConfig()
.gridWidth(50).gridHeight(50)
.minRoomSize(5).maxRoomSize(12)
.maxRooms(15)
.seed(currentSeed);
Grid2D<DungeonCell> dungeon = newDungeonGenerator(config).generate();
spawnDungeon(dungeon, newDungeonGenerator(config).generate());
// Note: call generate() again with same seed to get same rooms list
}
Procedural Content Placement (Rooms Pass)
// After spawning dungeon tiles, place items / enemies based on room positionsprivatevoidpopulateDungeon(List<Room> rooms) {
Randomrng=newRandom(currentSeed + 1); // offset seed so placement differs from layoutfor (inti=1; i < rooms.size() - 1; i++) { // skip start and boss roomsRoomroom= rooms.get(i);
intenemies= rng.nextInt(4) + 1;
for (inte=0; e < enemies; e++) {
doubleex= (room.getX() + rng.nextInt(room.getWidth())) * TILE;
doubleey= (room.getY() + rng.nextInt(room.getHeight())) * TILE;
spawn("enemy", ex, ey);
}
if (rng.nextDouble() < 0.4) {
spawn("chest",
room.getCenterX() * TILE,
room.getCenterY() * TILE);
}
}
}
Gotchas
generator.getRooms() is valid only after generate() — the rooms list is populated during
generation. Accessing it before calling generate() returns an empty list.
Calling generate() twice with the same seed produces identical output but returns two
separate Grid2D and Room list instances — equality is structural, not referential.
Maze MazeCell walls are edge-based, not cell-based — there are no "wall entities" in
the grid. Each cell knows which of its four edges has a wall. Rendering requires spawning wall
geometry at those edges, not at separate wall cells.
DungeonCell.EMPTY is outside the dungeon boundary — spawning a tile for EMPTY cells
fills the unused grid area. Usually you want to skip them or spawn a solid background tile.
Level-to-level cleanup — call getGameWorld().getEntitiesCopy().forEach(Entity::removeFromWorld)
before regenerating. Using clearLevel() also works but resets the physics world.
A grid and dungeon grid coordinate spaces differ* — the dungeon grid uses tile coordinates
(cell 0,0 = pixel 0,0). The A* grid also uses cell coordinates. Multiply by TILE only when
spawning entities or computing world positions, not when pathfinding.
Large grids are slow to generate — a 100×100 grid with 30 rooms is fast (<10ms). A 200×200
grid with 100 rooms can take >500ms. Generate off the main thread if the grid is large.
Seeds must be the same JVM version — Random(seed) behavior is JVM-defined and stable
across Java 17+ minor versions, but is not guaranteed to match other languages or older JVMs.
